Not less than 40 out of 41% millions, who form the population of this presidency, are non-Brahmins, and the bulk of the tax payers, including a. large majority of the zamindars, landholders and agriculturists, also belong to the same class. In this article, we first examine the issue of the power and status of the Brahmin and show how it . Be bold at the hours of crisis without any wavering. This piece of advice-wish of Periyar still remains greenish in me. There was an increase in the number of educated non-Brahmins. 0000010924 00000 n
The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India.It was established in 1916 by T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. 62 0 obj
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Indeed, a more vigorous educational policy for the non-Brahmins has long been over-due. 0000001477 00000 n
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Periyar felt happy in the elevation of people like me, who hail from the most backward community. As part of the yearlong celebrations of the Justice Party, the centenary commencement of Proclamation of Non-brahmin Manifesto (20th December 1916) was celebrated on 20th December 2015 at Periyar Thidal, Chennai. Depressed Classes Mission, Non-Brahmin movement and Justice Party . In my judgment I have mentioned Thanthai Periyar and his contributions in ensuring Social Justice to the oppressed people. Prof.P.Jagadeesan, former Vice Chancellor and Vice President of DHRC spoke on Why was Justice Party formed?. It" is not necessary for our purpose to go into the details of this extravagant scheme, or into those of the other submitted to His Excellency the Viceroy by nineteen members of the Imperial Legislative Council, We are not in favour of any measure, which, in operation, is designed, or tends completely, to undermine the influence and authority of the British Rulers, who alone, in the present circumstances of India, are able to hold the scales even between creed and class, and to develop that sense of unity and national solidarity, without which India will continue to be a congeries of mutually exclusive and warring groups, without a common purpose and a common patriotism. Which among the following are Newspaper/s of SILF? 0000001594 00000 n
My father was a functionary in Justice Party and got elected as Counsellor in the Madras Corporation. d. opinion, among others of the 40 millions of non-Brahmins of this large and important province, It is our unfortunate experience also that as concessions and rights are more freely bestowed, the rigidly exclusive caste grows still more rigid and exclusive. The Communist League in London commissioned the work, which was originally published in German. 0000002079 00000 n
Chetty, as secretary of the Association, issued *The Non-Brahmin Manifesto; surveying the conditions of the non-Brahman community and point ing out the directions for advancement. We appeal to the enlightened members of the non-Brahmin communities to be up and doing, their future lies in their own hands. They raised the issue of caste discrimination and unequal opportunities in government employment and representation in elected bodies, which were dominated by Brahmins. Prof. Dr.A.Ramaswamy, former Vice Chairman of Higher Education Council, Government of Tamil Nadu and President of Dravidian Historical Research Centre (DHRC) presided over the seminar. THE NON-BRAHMIN MANIFESTO (1916) At a Conference held in Madras or, the 20th November 1916 and attended by several non-Brahmin gentlemen of position and influence both in Madras and in the mofussil, it was resolved that measures be taken to start a company for publishing a newspaper advocating the cause of the non-Brahmin community, and also . endstream
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Old established traditions, the position of the Brahmins as the highest and the most sacred of the Hindu castes, the nature of their ancient calling, and the steady inculcation of the belief, both by written texts and oral, teaching, that they are so many divinely-ordained intermediaries without whose active intervention and blessing the soul cannot obtain salvation, and their consequent freedom from manual toil all these helped them to adapt themselves easily to the new conditions under British Rule, as under previous epochs, in large numbers and far more successfully than the other castes and communities, Apart, however, from the question of English education, are large material stakes, traditional and inherited interests in the soil and the social prestige that goes with it, influence among the masses, quiet and peaceful occupations that tend to the steady economic development of the province, and overwhelming numerical strength itself, to count for nothing? Democratic in aims, an irresponsible bureaucracy now manipulates its wires. The manifesto was criticised by the Home rule periodical New India. Brahmins are upset by the Dubey episode, but not . naveensv12 naveensv12 16.03.2020 Social Sciences Secondary School answered expert verified 10. Surely, in these services the preponderance of Brahmins would be still more striking. Since the Executive, Council of H. E. the Governor has been opened to Indians, three Indian gentlemen have been admitted into it in succession, the two latter being Brahmin lawyers, Of the live Indian Judges of the High Court, four of them, i.e. Manifesto definition: A manifesto is a statement published by a person or group of people, especially a. Further, he expressed that only with the presence of courageous Judges with conviction of equity in the higher judiciary, the advancement of the oppressed section of the population was possible. The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India.It was established on 20 November 1916 in Victoria Public Hall in Madras by Dr C. Natesa Mudaliar and co-founded by T. M. Nair, P. Theagaraya Chetty and Alamelu Mangai Thayarammal as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. To quote one of the latest instances, of the 15 gentlemen elected from this presidency to represent it on the All India Congress Committee, with the exception of one solitary non-Brahmin Indian, all are practically Brahmins, and yet the decision of this committee, which is the executive of the Congress, upon matters of grave import, such as the revision of the Indian Constitution after the war, will be held up to the worlds admiring gaze as the considered. The December 1916 "Non-Brahmin Manifesto" voiced its opposition to the Home Rule Movement. . Democratic in aims, an irresponsible bureaucracy now manipulates its wires. Where an electorate is composed of a large number of Brahmins, the non-Brahmin Indian has hardly a chance., It nearly always happens that while the non-Brahmins do not concentrate upon a single candidate, Brahmin or non-Brahmin, the Brahmins nearly always unite and support their caste man, The Madras University, of which the majority of Indian Fellows, classified under the several Indian groups, are Brahmins, has never returned a non-Brahmin Indian, to the local Legislative Council, so much so that no non-Brahmin Indian, however well qualified otherwise, indulges in the hope of getting elected as member for the University in the Legislative Council, unless it be with the support of the European Fellows, At a meeting of the Madras Legislative Council, held in November 1914, in reply to an interpellation by the late Mr. Kunhi Raman Nayar, it was stated that the total number of registered graduates of the University was 650 of whom 452; were Brahmins, 12 non-Brahmin Hindus and 74 belonged to other communities, and that since 1907, when election of Fellows by registered graduates began, 12 Fellows were elected, of whom with one exception all were Brahmins. Accordingly, at first . 0000031561 00000 n
In defence of all this practical monopoly of political power and high government appointments which make for that power, it is pointed out that though the Brahmins are only a small fraction of the population of this presidency, they are far ahead of other communities in regard to university qualification. I was a member of Dravidar Kazhagam (DK) in 1948 and participated in many progressive agitations convened by DK. The association started publishing three newspapers: Dravidian in Tamil, Justice in English and Andhra Prakasika in Telugu, to propagate the ideals of the Party. With regard to what obtains at the present moment in the various branches of the Government Service, it is needless to go into the figures. Chalam. 0000008178 00000 n
Not satisfied with the possession of the key to the present political position, the radical politicians of this presidency, who are apparently never as happy as when they ask for fresh political concessions, irrespective of their suitability to the existing conditions, now ask for Home Rule, and from previous experience, we fear that, if a discordant note is not sounded at the proper time, it will, of course, be made out that all India is keen about Home Rule. Their political interests, therefore, (as compared with those of the Brahmins who number only about a million and a half), have materially suffered. <<6BE70B7CEC506247B4926AC4E1350D6F>]/Prev 71258>>
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:M43P7*Y1hg{2":]/B,(~6Vzw@D~w6;WK ULR/Z~g>5|geBgv]^Yb2)BR%z[[s4IW5rqxTf7|gM^5d+W0,0NVoa]=l_ rlH0MHd0*1 At the time, it served as a political rallying cry for the communist movement in Europe. When the non-brahmin manifesto was released for public debate and scrutiny in december 1916, Annie Beasant, editor of New India (NI) and patron saint of the Home rule movement denounced its contents and stated intentions in strident terms. 4 0 obj
SELF GOVERNMENT BASED ON EQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF POWER. It was then, though not in form and name, but in spirit and method, a truly national institution. But it passes our understanding Why a small class, which shows a larger percentage of English knowing men than their neighbours, should be allowed almost to absorb all the government appointments, great and small, high and low, to the exclusion of the latter, among whom may also be found, though in small proportions, men of capacity, enlightenment and culture. 0000025083 00000 n
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The time has come when an attempt should be made to define the attitude of the several important non-Brahmin Indian communities in this presidency towards what is called The Indian Home Rule Movement," and also to indicate certain facts with respect to their present political position. 0000005990 00000 n
Next to the felicitation session seminar on What did Justice Party achieve? was held. Unfortunately, the incident did not generate a wider protest against . Earlier in 2002, the court had lifted the ban on appointing non-Brahmins as temple priests. In the matter of education itself, the advantage is not all on the side of the Brahmin castes, Though rather late in the field, the non-Brahmin communities have begun to move, They now represent various stages of progress, Some of them, such as the Chetti, the Komati, the Mudaliar, the Naidu and the Nayar, have been making rapid progress; and even the least advanced, like those who are ahead of them, are manfully exerting themselves to come up to the standards of the new time, The spirit of educational progress is abroad, and it is a significant circumstance that among some of the non-Brahmin communities the development is more harmonious and less one-sided than among the Brahmins. A month later, on December 20, readers of The Hindu and of Besant's New India were treated to SIPA's 'Non-Brahmin Manifesto', which declared opposition to 'the . We are of those who think that in the truest and best interest of India, its Government should continue to be conducted on true British principles of justice and equality of opportunity. Non-Brahmin Manifesto was proclaimed by Sir Pitti.Theagarayar, narrating the social conditions of non-brahmins in the erstwhile Madras Presidency and the unreasonable monopoly of Brahmins in the education and employment areas. 0000028236 00000 n
He called it as one "calculated to be harmful to the common causes and probably likely to promote the best interest of the classes, whom it sought to serve". It is not necessary for our purpose to go into the details of this extravagant scheme, or into those of the other submitted to His Excellency the Viceroy by nineteen members of the Imperial Legislative Council, We are not in favour of any measure, which, in operation, is designed, or tends completely, to undermine the influence and authority of the British Rulers, who alone, in the present circumstances of India, are able to hold the scales even between creed and class, and to develop that sense of unity and national solidarity, without which India will continue to be a congeries of mutually exclusive and warring groups, without a common purpose and a common patriotism. ]_2~b9gHZO(G'\yW9\^NBx^|\>9} =7WXWR0.iJ@^~QZv O~GNZ9.>`39lBJ?t!X)WC a{9`=~;7(~nm7\3)3?R/+/GL3Oxq We sincerely hope that sane and sober politicians, who know the country and its people, and who feel their responsibility to both, will soon reassert their mastery over the Congress machine, and direct it in strict accordance with the living realities of the present. Out of 140 Deputy Collectors in Madras at the time, 77 were Brahmins, 30 non-Brahmin Hindus, and the rest Muhammadans, Indian Christians, Europeans and Anglo Indians. She characterised the manifesto as "mischievous and unpatriotic" and claimed it had been authored by . For, while it was true that the term non-Brahmin had been used occasionally since the late nineteenth century in the Madras Presidency, a manifesto a declarative modern form of announcing a political intent in the name of the non-Brahmin symbolized desires of a different order altogether. a. The South Indian peoples Association has issued the following Manifesto addressed to non-Brahmin gentlemen throughout the presidency under the signature of its Secretary, Rao Bahadur P. Theagaraya Chettiar. With which they are confronted. We are deeply devoted and loyally attached to British rule, for that rule, in spite of its many short-comings and occasional aberrations, is, in the main, just and sympathetic, We, indeed, hope that our rulers will, as their knowledge of the country expands, be more readily responsive to public feeling, when, of course, that feeling is clearly manifest and decidedly unambiguous, and that before they take any action they will examine the interests and wishes of each caste, class and community with more anxious care than heretofore and in a less conventional manner, When the spirit of social exclusiveness and the rigidity of class and caste begin to disappear, the progress towards self-government will unquestionably be more satisfactory, but, for the present, the practical politician has to concern himself with what lies immediately in front of him. How his Excellency Lord Pentland was dealt with by some of the papers in connection with the recent nominations to his Legislative Council may be cited as the latest example of this kind of hostile and unfair criticism, Outside these responsible bodies more or less under the control of the Government, even in the case of existing political organisations in the city of Madras as well as in the Districts, the figures regarding election, if gone into, will tell the same tale. . For our part, we deprecate, as we have suggested, the introduction of changes not warranted by the present conditions, we cannot too strongly condemn caste or class rule. It was from within the nationalist movement in Madras presidency that in 1916 a group of prominent actors broke ranks with the Indian National Congress and issued a 'manifesto' of the 'Non-Brahmin'. SELF GOVERNMENT BASED ON EQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF POWER. When I served as the Chief Justice of Punjab and Haryana High Court, I implemented the reservation policy for the first time in the appointment of Judges and other judiciary staff in those States. 1 0 obj
Nair and Alamelu Mangai Thayarammal came together to form the South Indian Liberation Federation (SILF).In the meantime, at a meeting held in the Victoria Public Hall the Non-Brahmin Manifesto was released in December 1916. 0000025884 00000 n
Justice Party Golden Jubilee Souvenir (1968) & Dravidar 100 (2016). 0000025486 00000 n
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