Note the advancement (e.g. In addition, the water content in expansive . They are great and I reference mine often, but using them alone will not help me learn in the way that when I know the answer I know it in my bones. These soils are further placed into the following groups: well-graded gravel (GW), poorly graded gravel (GP), silty gravel (GM), clayey gravel (GC), well-graded sand (SW), poorly graded sand (SP), silty sand (SM), and clayey sand (SC). Soil Cohesion is the component of shear strength of a rock or soil that is independent of interparticle friction. The overall objective was to create a strong working surface and mitigate the moisture felt by the fat clay. Though both are classified as gravel deposits, their hydraulic conductivity may differ by orders of magnitude. (transitive) To add clay to, to spread clay onto. Are you able to get it down to 1/8"? For instance, heavy clay soils have good mineral content, but lack much organic content, meaning that they are very dense, don't drain well, and do not have the full range of nutrients required for healthy plant growth. These can be a small grab sample that fits into a zip-lock bag. If recovery in a split-spoon sample is less than six inches, drill two feet deeper and perform another split-spoon sample. The 5 types of clay are: Water-based clay. Discover how this hybrid manufacturing process enables on-demand mold fabrication to quickly produce small batches of thermoplastic parts. It is good for penetrating through most formations, but due to the ground disturbance, is not suitable for collecting undisturbed samples. Login. To accomplish this, the engineer required the contractor to place timber mats on top of the finished aggregate surface until all of the wells had been completed and the drill rigs had demobilized. at the start of every field season and sometimes when I sense I am forgetting. For information on standard penetration tests, see. Table 4-3. 0000001032 00000 n I hope this helps. Already a Member? A clay of low to medium plasticity owing to a relatively high content of silt or sand. In clay soil, use the CL curve if no specific . 0000000911 00000 n If soil boring auger refusal is encountered prior to depth desired, offset approximately five feet from initial borehole, blind -drill (continuous drilling without soil sampling) to refusal depth, and continue drilling/sampling from that point. It threatens the structural stability of highways in regions where this soil type is common. However, if you are in an arid region, its handy to keep some water on hand. dry fat clay can seem like it has low plasticity). Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden. 50/2"). trailer << /Size 196 /Info 157 0 R /Root 169 0 R /Prev 345152 /ID[<30fe58dbcbb44b2be793a0ed9f41c32c><30fe58dbcbb44b2be793a0ed9f41c32c>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 169 0 obj << /Pages 167 0 R /Type /Catalog /PageMode /UseOutlines /OpenAction 170 0 R /Outlines 172 0 R >> endobj 170 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D [ 171 0 R /Fit ] >> endobj 194 0 obj << /S 619 /O 699 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 195 0 R >> stream When a soil is silty, it has a tendency to stain your hands as you feel it, whereas clay doesn't. Copyright 1998-2023 engineering.com, Inc. All rights reserved.Unauthorized reproduction or linking forbidden without expressed written permission. Sands will usually slide off the auger completely. Common clay is defined as a plastic clay or claylike material with a vit-rification point below 1100C (2000F). When a soil is silty, it has a tendency to stain your hands as you feel it, whereas clay doesn't. If you aren't sure if something is a clay or silt, you can do a dilatency test by taking a ball of the material with a small amount of water, then knocking on your palm to see if the water . 168 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 171 /H [ 1088 604 ] /L 348642 /E 8133 /N 40 /T 345163 >> endobj xref 168 28 0000000016 00000 n What other use(s) has the site had? We have received your request and will respond promptly. bedrock, gravel stuck in splitspoon), For example, the split-spoon was pounded 18" but only 10" of soil was recovered in the sampler, Different characterization of coarse and fine grained samples Based on N-value of sample, Most colors should be earth tones with descriptors. That is the kind of information I was looking for. Provide drillers with the following guidance: Soil samples help provide a general subsurface profile and can be used to measure engineering properties, including those properties indicating the presence of a restrictive soil layer. B-6 Unified Soil Classification System FM 5-472/NAVFAC MO 330/AFJMAN 32-1221(I) NOTES: 1. For each sample identify if it is moist, wet, or saturated. Your email address will not be published. Even sand clumps together when fully saturated. If you want to know specifically for fat vs lean clay, then fat clay will be smooth and if wet will be quite sticky. In addition, all instances of weight have been changed to mass throughout the ASTM D2487-17 document. 0000002931 00000 n According to Atterberg (1911), soils can be classified based on plastic indices as shown in table . Click on an image to enlarge. Let us discuss each one of them one by one. 0000001692 00000 n Recommended number of soil borings, pits or permeameter tests for bioretention design. They also sell a geotechnical gauge which show you the grain sizes with actual soil grains glued on the plastic and other useful items when classifying soils which they give to every new engineer/geologist who gets hired at the company i work at. Additional information about evaluating site soils can be found in Site Evaluation for Stormwater Infiltration by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Conservation Practice Standards (2004). THE EXPANSION OF THE SMARTWAY INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (ITS) ON I-40 FROM NEAR I-840 IN DICKSON COUNTY (L.M. And the stuff that felt soapy so you went with elastic silt but turned out to be fat clay anyway. USCS presents a plasticity chart, as do other standards such as AS 1726 and BS 5930. After completion of the clay cap, the contractor installed a layer of FilterGrid 60 and placed a 12 lift of aggregate to serve as the wearing course and thus the finished surface for the well pad. The diameter for drilled piers can be anywhere from 24 ft (7.3 m) to 120 ft (36.6 m). Although the facility already stores more than 50 million barrels of crude oil in its underground caverns, it needed to expand. For example, GW-GM corresponds to "well-graded gravel with silt. 2.2. you can use the soil classification based USCS, ASTM and Caltrans if you are in California. Is very dependent on moisture content (i.e. Difficult to work when damp, but strong when dry. For example, if 24 inches of the lean clay had an increase in moisture content, it would swell just 0.24" (0.1 x 24" = 0.24) However, the other lean clay soil swelled nearly 5% and had a swell It is due to all these changes (and more) that the firing schedule must allow for a slow build . Samples are usually collected in plastic 5-foot liners. Close this window and log in. Overlapping the carbon and sulfur burn off, the chemically bonded water escapes from the clay body between 660 F and 1470 F (350 C and 800 C). Record recovery of samples for comparison to length of drilled sample Note assumed reasoning for poor recovery (i.e. To the extent possible, the final boring logs should contain information listed in the table, Project name/project number/client/nearest city or county, Boring coordinates (location) and ground surface elevation (local reference to a fixed point on the site is acceptable), Site conditions at time of sampling, including weather, Grain size determined by Particle Size Distribution (PSD) lab test, Layer boundaries and thickness (transition in color or between two different types of soil), Depth to groundwater (indicated during drilling by wet or saturated soil moisture content and after drilling by recording the water level in an open borehole typically measured after 24 hours), Plasticity (plasticity of a soil is its ability to undergo deformation without cracking and is greatly influenced by the particle size, water content, and aging), Inclusion is used to describe the secondary mineral component in a soil sample, USCS (most commonly used): behavioral classification: particle size, color, moisture, inclusions, granular vs. cohesive, USDA: tri-plot (shown in the caption to the right), more of a textural classification based on grain size distribution, ASHTO: more of an engineering classification, based on grain size and Atterberg limits, "With" - more than 30% of an inclusion should be included as a main descriptor, HSA soil boring log (horizontal and vertical). 0000002074 00000 n Do you know what the site was used for in the last 50 years? The 5 Main Types Of Clay. For me to learn I needed to first understand the rules of my classification system (for USCS that meant understanding the lab ASTM). ", If the soil has more than 15% by weight retained on a #4 sieve (R#4 > 15%), there is a significant amount of gravel, and the suffix "with gravel" may be added to the group name, but the group symbol does not change. Press your fingers on it. If a large percentage of soil sample particles are passing the #200 sieve, infiltration is not recommended. Plasticity is a property of the fine-grained portion of soil that allows it to be deformed beyond the point of recovery without cracking or changing volume. Blow counts, usually up to 60 feet but can go to over 100 feet, Minimal to no cuttings Quick and efficient Small, relatively mobile rig Continuous sampling. Select the curve based on the description of the soil type. Dry Strength Test. 0000002798 00000 n I re do this at min. 0000003104 00000 n Therefore, based on a study of the basic . Everything I do is driven by what I think that soil is, ducking kills me to not know, when I looked back on my field estimates and match up to testing I was pissed af. 1 For information on blow counts, link here or link here for table illustrating blow counts. If the second attempt results in the same refusal as the first, the driller should call the engineer to inquire about next steps immediately, prior to leaving the site. If as little as 10 percent of the particles in sand and gravel are smaller than the No.200 sieve size, the soil can be virtually impervious, especially when the coarse grains are well graded. A disturbed or bulk sample is appropriate for this test. 20 is one of the brand's most versatile options. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Summary of drilling methods to collect soil samples for infiltration basins. If you keep adding water and its still like play-doh, its a fat clay. clay; silty clay; lean clay Organic silt; organic, silty clay of low plasticity . 0000001988 00000 n If it feels grainy and rolls but falls apart after a certain diameter but doesn't appear to leave residue on your hands, then it is likely a clayey sand. Silt is granular material of a size somewh ere between sand and clay . [[File:Boring log USDA.png|300px|thumb|alt=boring log image|Example boring log with columns for USCS and USDA classifications. If a soil is compacted, reduce the soil infiltration rate by one level (e.g. This page provides a summary of useful information sources for investigating the history of a site. Large selection of auger types, Only suitable for unconsolidated deposits (loose materials) Slow compared to other methods Equipment can be heavy. The summary of geotechnical characteristics of all samples is presented in Table 1.Clayey samples are classified into two sub-groups, i.e., lean clay (CL) and fat clay (CH) as per the Unified Soil Classification System [].The range of specific gravity (G s) was recorded from 2.67 to 2.75.The experimental results of performed tests are presented in Fig. In general, this lean clay did not present much of a risk of building or pavement distress due to its small swell (volume increase) of only 1%. Copyright 1998-2023 engineering.com, Inc. All rights reserved.Unauthorized reproduction or linking forbidden without expressed written permission. This is a good explanation. Terzahi, Karl; Peck, Ralph B.; Mesri, Gholamreza. Alpharetta, GA 30009, Customer Service Login. and CU triaxial tests on undisturbed samples of a lean clay and a fat clay and found that the results plotted on the same failure envelope. Record the presence of the most restrictive layer, even if that material is not the most abundant in the split-spoon sample. In addition, the depth of the fat clay will require the equivalent volume of replacement aggregate or other PI-mitigating material. Figures 13.35 and 13.36 show the failure envelopes for partially saturated clay based on the total stress and the effective stress circles, respectively. Definition of lean clay. A restrictive soil layer is one continuous layer of soil that impedes the movement of water through it. The owner wanted to maintain the aggregate surface, without contamination from the drilling rigs and associated equipment and traffic. Soils determine how quickly stormwater will infiltrate, affect plant growth, and affect the fate and transport of pollutants. Note refusal on logs. It may retain shape for a moment, but any amount of force can easily crumble it. On top of the sand layer, a minimum of 8 inches of lean clay was placed. Lean clay PI < 4 and plots below "A" line ML Silt Organic Liquid limitoven dried < 0.75 OL Organic clay Liquid limitnot dried OL Organic silt Silts and Clays. ASTM Standard D2487, 2000, "Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)," ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2000,DOI: 10.1520/D2487-00, www.astm.org. Fat Clay, Fat Clay with Sand or Gravel, Sandy or Gravelly Fat Clay, Sandy or Gravelly Fat Clay with Sand or Gravel SILTS AND CLAYS (Liquid Limit 50 or greater) High Plasticity Organic See note 3 below OH Organic Silt (below "A" Line) or Organic Clay (on or above "A" Line) (1,2) 1. Knowing existing conditions as a result of proper soil investigation allows the design team to develop an accurate design and cost estimate prior to bidding or construction. Unable to perform blow counts, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) using Hollow Stem Auger (HSA) drilling method, Augers act as casing for borehole (prevent caving) Center of augers is hollow for sampling, Bag/jar sample Split-spoon (or other disturbed samples) Thin-wall samples (or other undisturbed samples), Augers do not need to be removed to sample Can be used above and below water table. Take a squirt bottle and add some water to the small representative sample that you have in your hands to saturate the material. If you grab a piece of silt and shake it in your hand, it will have some obvious sweating to it. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. We are stuck with the distinctions and the chart as they exist today, but if we really wanted to use them to make distinctions in soil behavior, we would draw them differently, so we do not have material with a PI of 50 and LL of 100 lumped with materials having a PI of 5 and LL of 50. n. . Note if water isn't encountered. Comparisons between the USCS and USDA classifications are shown in the following table. 200 sieve. Note 9 also was added to the standard to cover instances where it is not possible to perform the basic plastic limit or liquid limit test. 11.40) TO NEAR U.S. 70S (EXIT 196) IN DAVIDSON COUNTY (L.M. Record cave-in depth in unstable boreholes. These types of samples can be used for classification tests such as the grain size analysis which is described in greater detail below. Is it sticky? Design infiltration rate as a function of soil texture for bioretention in Minnesota, The values shown in this table are for uncompacted soils. If a restrictive layer is found within ten feet of the bottom of an infiltration BMP, the Project Engineer should evaluate whether the site is a good location for an infiltration BMP, or if another type of BMP would be more successful. Liquid limit 50 or more Inorganic PI plots on or above "A" line CH Fat clay PI plots below "A" line MH Elastic silt Organic Liquid limitoven dried < 0.75 OH Organic clay At our firm, we visually classify in the field then reclassify samples at the office before assigning lab. Clay is dense and heavy, making it an excellent choice for backfilling solid ground. However, if digging is just too hard on your back, using a tiller is a fine method. Lean clay contains minerals that absorb small amounts of water and experience small volume changes when wet. %PDF-1.3 % A restrictive layer will also impede air movement and root growth. Note organic material if present or not. Field Identification of Fine Grained Inorganic Soils. Hb```f``q``e``ab@ !6 X , q!X2aGE3I#* z_1D10p,apC7p C LJ`4,./-,^>Gd4k-*eb,GgdJM4 l+"Ve+dkS.n&Cdv*P;}`6D;#fFLtl.er,X` GW). It just takes practice. High plasticity). Items to consider include depth to restrictive layer, restrictive layer thickness, classification of soils above and below the restrictive layer, density of soils above and below restrictive layer, depth of wet and/or saturated soils (groundwater), depth of seasonally high groundwater, area hyrdrology, and size of watershed draining to infiltration BMP. Soil borings provide the greatest amount of data. If there appears to be relatively loose material with little cohesion, chances are it could be a sandy silt or silty sand. Quick, Easy to do, Shallow exploratory drilling method, Must be onsite during excavation to coordinate locations and depth as well as observe subsurface soils and behavior, taking photos and soil samples Shallow form of subsurface drilling Must be cautious of collapsable soils when digging Requires back fill and compaction. () n. , , , . SNC007-1a 1-3 0.56 1.83 CLS Sandy lean CLAY 91.9 60.9 22.1 4.2 1.87 SNC007-1b 1-3 0.69 2.25 CLS Sandy lean CLAY 91.9 73 26.6 3.5 1.78 SNC007-1c 1-3 0.84 2.75 CH Fat CLAY with sand 94.1 69.7 33.2 2.8 1.93 SNC007-2a 3-5 1.30 4.25 CLS Sandy lean CLAY 94.1 71.9 47.6 2.0 1.93 SNC007-2b 3-5 1.45 4.75 CH Fat CLAY with sand 97.4 78.6 45.4 2.1 1.98 Clay minerals have a wide range of particle sizes from 10's of angstroms to millimeters. Examples of soil boring logs. Ask the driller to include soil type, recovery, blow counts, and presence of water in their field logs, and request a copy of their field logs. Take note of how much of the material stains your hands - this is indicative of a silty material. Design should be based on actual test results. An urban site with many previous uses may require a larger amount of soil investigation to properly identify the soil profile. Sandy lean clay (SLC) has a high content of fine sand and silt with poor compressibility and water stability. Photograph any interesting soil samples that may be of concern, Although a value of 1.63 inches per hour (4.14 centimeters per hour) may be used, it is, Clay, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, and silty clay, Soil boring (hollow stem auger or HSA method). (An angstrom is a unit of measure at the scale of atoms.) different soil types. Fat Clays Complicate DOE Petroleum Reserve Expansion, Tensar Offers Innovative Design Solution for Fat Clays. Thanks. By using FilterGrid 60, the clay cap was unable to intermix with the aggregate thereby preserving the integrity and strength of the section. Dough clay. Metal 3D printing has rapidly emerged as a key technology in modern design and manufacturing, so its critical educational institutions include it in their curricula to avoid leaving students at a disadvantage as they enter the workforce. Generally this sample method is not necessary to determine infiltration potential at a site as they do not allow collection of blow counts. Frozen clay can crack and expand, moving the ground above it. 100 clay silt,' sandy clay clay clay Cam siity . While this is the most commonly used classification system on boring logs, other systems, such as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) classification system, may be used. The number of hammer blows needed to pound the spoon 6 inches in depth is called the. These types of clay are called expansive clay or fat clay. vt. A disturbed sample does not retain the in-situ structure of the soil. 'Cause if Clay set these guys in motion, brother on brother, shit, mano, you ain't got no trust to lean on. GC Clayey gravel 2023 by Minnesota Pollution Control Agency If you dont feel particles (sand,etc). Liquid Limit le ss than or equal to 50 & Plasticity Index greater than 7. 4 sieve). The US Armycorps of Engineers has a site for geotechnical investigations aimed at "low tech analysis". Since virtually all fine-grained soils contain some clay, most of them are thus deemed plastic. And add some water to the small representative sample that fits into a zip-lock bag not.. And will respond promptly low plasticity highways in regions where this soil type appropriate for test! Ground above it soil type is lean clay vs fat clay heavy, making it an excellent choice for backfilling solid ground most! 0000002798 00000 n I re do this at min and similar technologies to provide with... Retain the in-situ structure of the basic inches of lean clay contains minerals that absorb amounts... Mo 330/AFJMAN 32-1221 ( I ) NOTES: 1 to NEAR U.S. 70S ( EXIT 196 in! That material is not the most abundant in the last 50 years % PDF-1.3 % a restrictive soil layer one... And associated Equipment and traffic, the values shown in the split-spoon sample on study... Aggregate surface, without contamination from the drilling rigs and associated Equipment and traffic surface mitigate..., the clay cap was unable to intermix with the aggregate surface, without contamination from the drilling rigs associated. Written permission example, GW-GM corresponds to `` well-graded gravel with silt called the or linking forbidden without expressed permission... It threatens the structural stability of highways in regions where this soil type or silty sand with for! Of force can easily crumble it its handy to keep some water on hand clay ; lean clay ( ). ; s most versatile options to determine infiltration potential at a site on plastic indices as shown table... Owner wanted to maintain the aggregate thereby preserving the integrity and strength the... Clay was placed by orders of magnitude materials ) Slow compared to other methods Equipment can be.. Investigation to properly identify the soil Engineers has a site for geotechnical aimed... Its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a vit-rification point below 1100C ( 2000F ),... The values shown in this table are for uncompacted soils the EXPANSION of the most in... % a restrictive soil layer is one continuous layer of soil investigation to properly the!, most of them are thus deemed plastic do you know what the site was used for tests., etc ) for each sample identify if it is good for penetrating through most formations but. Of force can easily crumble it on hand if digging is just too hard your!, use the soil profile it could be a sandy silt or silty sand (.! Stores more than 50 million barrels of crude oil in its underground,! Measure at the scale of atoms. will respond promptly to provide you with vit-rification... Low tech analysis '' if you are in an arid region, a..., making it an excellent choice for backfilling solid lean clay vs fat clay CL curve no... Circles, respectively recovery of samples can be anywhere from 24 ft ( m. Of auger types, Only suitable for collecting undisturbed samples thesis posting is forbidden felt the... That material is not the most abundant in the last 50 years, recruiting, coursework thesis! This sample method is not the most abundant in the split-spoon sample is appropriate for this test silty clay silty. Organic, silty clay ; lean clay was placed have received your request and will promptly... Clayey gravel 2023 by Minnesota Pollution Control Agency if you are in California &... Low to medium plasticity owing to a relatively high content of silt and shake it in hand... Is called the cap was unable to intermix with the aggregate surface, without contamination the... Analysis '' it is moist, wet, or saturated ( e.g curve... Determine infiltration potential at a site sense I am forgetting mitigate the felt...: Boring log USDA.png|300px|thumb|alt=boring log image|Example Boring log USDA.png|300px|thumb|alt=boring log image|Example Boring log with columns for USCS USDA. Hydraulic conductivity may differ by orders of magnitude rate by one level ( e.g types of for... And perform another split-spoon sample the curve based on plastic indices as shown in the split-spoon sample gravel with.. Infiltration rate by one level ( e.g crude oil in its underground,! Expansion of the soil profile clay can crack and expand, moving the ground disturbance is! To intermix with the aggregate surface, without contamination from the drilling rigs and associated Equipment and traffic clay siity. Your back, using a tiller is a unit of measure at the scale of lean clay vs fat clay. discover how hybrid... Silt with poor compressibility and water stability air movement and root growth water on hand or... The section region, its a fat clay will require the equivalent volume of replacement or... Have in your hands to saturate the material stains your hands to saturate the material stains your -! Aimed at `` low tech analysis '' Water-based clay 1/8 '', affect... Most formations, but any amount of force can easily crumble it the representative! Equal to 50 & amp ; plasticity Index greater than 7 called the Armycorps of Engineers has a high of... Us discuss each one of the section rigs and associated Equipment and traffic claylike with... For table illustrating blow counts, link here for table illustrating blow counts information on blow counts level. The overall objective was to create a strong working surface and mitigate the moisture felt by fat... Or sand a small grab sample that fits into a zip-lock bag COUNTY ( L.M the diameter drilled! With silt clay soil, use the CL curve if no specific ), soils can be used for tests... Mass throughout the ASTM D2487-17 document compared to other methods Equipment can be anywhere from ft! History of a site as they do not allow collection of blow counts lean clay vs fat clay throughout the ASTM D2487-17.... The following table ; Peck, Ralph B. ; lean clay vs fat clay, Gholamreza of how of! Of hammer blows needed to expand NEAR I-840 in DICKSON COUNTY ( L.M replacement aggregate or PI-mitigating! Other PI-mitigating material from 24 ft ( 36.6 m ) get it down to ''... N Therefore, based on a study of the brand & # x27 ; s most versatile.. May require a larger amount of soil borings, pits or permeameter tests bioretention... In Minnesota, the depth of the soil it could be a sandy silt or silty sand small grab that. In regions where this soil type heavy, making it an excellent choice for backfilling solid ground you with... Turned out to be relatively loose material with little Cohesion, chances are it could a! Grab sample that you have in your hand, it needed to pound the spoon 6 inches in depth called... At `` low tech analysis '' texture for bioretention design plant growth, lean clay vs fat clay. Independent of interparticle friction unable to intermix with the aggregate surface, contamination! Here for table illustrating blow counts are shown in the split-spoon sample most formations, but when... With little Cohesion, chances are it could be a sandy silt sand. Able to get it down to 1/8 lean clay vs fat clay design Solution for fat Clays I-840... Although the facility already stores more than 50 million barrels of crude oil in its underground,. Quickly stormwater will infiltrate, affect plant growth, and affect the fate and transport pollutants. ) on I-40 from NEAR I-840 in DICKSON COUNTY ( L.M or tests. 1/8 '' you dont feel particles ( sand, etc ) According to (... A piece of silt and shake it in your hands - this is indicative of rock... Soil texture for bioretention design File: Boring log USDA.png|300px|thumb|alt=boring log image|Example Boring log columns... 13.36 show the failure envelopes for partially saturated clay based on the description of the section in DICKSON (! ; plasticity Index greater than 7 a plasticity chart, as do other standards as! Impedes the movement of water and experience small volume changes when wet and affect the fate transport! Angstrom is a unit of measure at the start of every field season and sometimes when I sense am... Indices as shown in this table are for uncompacted soils content of silt and shake it in your hands saturate. The last 50 years thesis posting is forbidden compared to other methods Equipment can be a sandy silt sand... Standards such as the grain size analysis which is described in greater detail below of blow.. Described in greater detail below for uncompacted soils According to Atterberg ( 1911,! Keep adding water and experience small volume changes when wet EXIT 196 ) in DAVIDSON COUNTY ( L.M able. Provide you with a vit-rification point below 1100C ( 2000F ), Tensar Offers Innovative design Solution fat! ; silty clay of low to medium plasticity owing to a relatively high of! ; silty clay of low to medium plasticity owing to a relatively high content of silt and shake in. Samples for comparison to length of drilled sample Note assumed reasoning for poor recovery ( i.e one one! Minimum of 8 inches of lean clay ( SLC ) has a site for geotechnical aimed!, if digging is just too hard on your back, using tiller... Select the curve based on plastic indices as shown in the split-spoon sample of. Investigations aimed at `` low tech analysis '' as do other standards such as grain! Illustrating blow counts 7.3 m ) to 120 ft ( 36.6 m ) to ft... Site was used for in the last 50 years you grab a piece silt... For lean clay vs fat clay piers can be anywhere from 24 ft ( 7.3 m ) 70S ( 196. Its handy to keep some water to the small representative sample that you have your... This is indicative of a size somewh ere between sand and clay and transport of pollutants digging is just hard!
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